In 2000, people of the whole province, under the leadership of provincial Committee of CPC and the province government, earnestly carried out series of state??￥s macro structural adjustment policies by making use of the opportunities that the international and domestic economy is keeping increasing, taking further strategic adjustments to better the macro structure of economy, deepening reform in all fields, and thus the operation of economy begins to turn better, the national economy ran on the trend of faster increasing as well as higher quality, social affairs continued keeping steady and flourishing. It was estimated that, the gross domestic product (GNP) of the province amounted to 369,188 million yuan, up by 9.0% over the previous year of this total, the value-added of the primary industry was 78,047 million yuan, up by 3.8%; the value-added of the secondary industry was 146,795 million yuan, up by 10.7%, the value-added of the tertiary industry was 144,346 million yuan, up by 10.2%. The main problems in social and economic development lay in the lack of the power for the national economy to recover steadily, the existence of serious structural contradictory, the difficulties of peasants to increase their income, the great pressure on social employment and re-employment.
1. Agriculture and Rural Economy
Agriculture advanced steadily. In 2000, the total value of agriculture, forestry, fishery, animal husbandry of the whole province was 125,189 million yuan, increase by 9.5%. The output of main agricultural product was kept at a high level. The total output of food amounted to 287,497 thousand tons, decreased by 0.6%; output of cotton amounted to 171.3 thousand tons, decreased by 3.2%; output of oil-bearing crops was 1393.5 thousand tons, increased by 7.0%; of flue-cured tobacco 155.5 thousand tons, increased by 25.4%. tea 57.3 thousand tons, increased by 1.8%; fruits 1505 thousand tons, having decreased 13.0%. The number of butchered pigs amounted to 60,421.8 thousand, having increased 4%; the butchered cattles 1,316.3 thousand, increased by 7.8%; the butchered goats 5,192.3 thousand, increased by 12.1%; the aquatic product amounted to 1,332.1 thousand tons, increased by 7.0%. The forestation area reached to 51.5 hectares storage of live wood reached to 296 million steres; the number of erected bamboo 1,468 million, the percentage of forest cover reached 51.4%.
The adjustment of agricultural structural accelerated, and industrialization operation advanced steadily. The area of early rice was reduced 830 thousand mu and the cotton 177 thousand mu, while the high quality of rice area have reached to 10,800 thousand mu. The domestic herbivores, fowls and high quality aquatic product increased steadily. The total production value of animal husbandry covered 45.3% of that of the whole agriculture, creating an increase of 1.3% over the previous year of this total. The chief enterprises have had more facilitation on promoting the rural economy and expanding the market. 20 provincial leading enterprises??￥ sell income achieved 5.76 billion yuan, increased by 26.9%. Enterprises like Zhuzhou Xiangda, Huaihua Zhengqing were listed as the National Key Enterprises of Agricultural Industrialization. According to the statistic of Provincial Bureau of Rural Industrial Enterprises, the total output of rural industrial enterprise reached 454.1 billion yuan, creating an increase of 10%.
The construction of rural fundamental facilities was strengthened and the ability to resist and prevent natural disasters was promoted. The fields which enjoyed effective irrigation reached 26,775 thousand hectares, having increased 4.7%; the total agricultural mechanical motor power reached 22,097.4 kw, having increased 10.1%. 3,440 million yuan was put into the construction of the rural water conservancy, and 510 projects were finished.
The construction of little towns quickened and people??￥s living standard was steadily raised, the aid-the-poor project got new progress. By the end of 2000, the total number of little towns of the whole province had reached 1055. There were 33 counties, 598 villages and towns, 12640 hamlets that have reached well-off level. 1,203 million yuan was spent on the aid-the-poor project, at the end of 2000, the population in poverty was 130 million yuan, 480 thousand less than the previous year.
2. Industry and Construction
Industrial production enjoyed rapid increase. The total industrial output increased by 12.361 billion yuan, creating an increase of 10.4%, up by 1.4% over the previous year. The product value of the state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises whose annual product value were above 5 million yuan increased 54.735 billion yuan, up by 13.6%. Among the industries above, product value of the state-owned enterprises increased 36.863 billion yuan, creating an increasing rate of 11.2%. The output value of collective industry increased 8.869 billion yuan, up by 6.9%; of stock enterprise, 12.693 billion yuan, up by 58.8%; of the enterprise invested by merchants from Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao was 3.454 billion yuan, having increased 13.5%. Among the industries above, the heavy industry??￥s output value increased 19.649 billion yuan, up by 7.5%. The rate of production and marketing value was over 5,000 thousand yuan reached 98.9%, having increased 0.8%.
Greater progress was made in the adjustment of industrial structure. In 2000, adjustment and reduction of the traditional industries like textile, coal, and metallurgy have been strengthened. To fit the demands of the market, High-tech products enjoyed an increase. The output of cement reached 23,957.2 thousand tons, having increased 3.0%; steel 2,990.5 thousand tons, having increased 3.4%; ten kinds of non-ferrous metals 824.2 thousand tons, having increased 15.9%; electric power generation 35,442 million kw/h, having increased 7.1%; fertilizers and chemical pesticides 1,4127.4 and 45.8 thousand tons respectively, having increased 11.0% and 21.0% respectively; automobile 17.6 thousand, having increased 63.6%; color monitor 3,711.8 thousand, having increased 11.4%; telephone 108.4thousand, having increased by 6.44 times; mobile communication equipment 1,170, having increased 55.8%.
The construction industry witnessed increase. There were 1,823 building enterprises above grade four, among which 329 were state-owned; the total output value of the building enterprises reached 35,656 million yuan, creating an increase of 6.8%; the housing construction area reached 52,790 thousand square meters, having increased 1.9%; the finished housing construction area reached 52,790 thousand square meters, having decreased 0.3%. The building enterprises above grade four made profit of 363 million yuan, having increased by 1.1 times; handed in tax of 590 million yuan, having increased by 6.6 times.
3. The Investment in Fixed Assets
The investment in fixed assets kept increasing. In 2000, the investment in fixed assets of the whole province reached 106,951billion yuan, having increased 13.4%. In terms of different economic entities, the investment of state-owned units and other type of units was 68.664billion yuan, having increased 15.4%; that of collective units and urban and rural residents was 38.287billion yuan, having increased 9.9%. Analyzed by purposes, investment in capital construction was 40.328billion, up 9.4%; that in technical updating and transformation reached 17.682billion yuan, having increased 23.4%; the investment in the development of real estate 7.404billion yuan. The investment in the local projects reached 41.797billion yuan, having increased 20.9%; the investment in the central projects 23.664billion yuan, having increased 6.6%. The newly started projects in the year reached 4,214, having decreased 5.5%; the finished projects in the year amounted to 4,057, having decreased 13.3%.
Preference continued to be given to the investment on the primary industries and the fundamental facilities. The investment on agriculture, electric power, traffic, post and telecommunication, and storehouse amounted to 33.404billion yuan, covering 49.4%. The investment on agriculture amounted to 442 million yuan, having increased 56.2%; the investment on traffic and transportation, storehouse, post and telecommunication 241,530million yuan, having increased 13.8%; the investment on electric power, gas, gas, water production and supply 8,809million yuan, having increased 18.7%.
Key projects progressed smoothly. The key projects under construction of the whole province amounted 29, and 25,000 million yuan of investment was completed. Series of key projects were finished as scheduled., among them, Tanlei expressway and Yueyang Dongting Bridge have been finished and opened to traffic. Enlargement of CPT working line Of LG color monitor was completed and put into use. 718 project of post was thoroughly completed in constructing, NO.8 water factory began to run, and settlement of Dongting Lake played an important role in resisting the flood. Construction of Hengzhao expressway, Luozhan railway was started successively. Items of Lingchang expressway, Tanshao express way advanced smoothly.
4. Traffic, Post and Telecommunication
Traffic and transportation made a rapid progress. The tonnage mileage of the society reached 107,413 million ton/km, having increased 7.4%; railway tonnage mileage reached 63,211 million ton/km, having increased 1.3%; water tonnage mileage reached 14.376 billion million ton/km; having increased 39.4%; highway tonnage mileage reached 29,779 million ton/km, having increased 9.2%; aviation reached 11 million ton/km, creating an increase of 10%. The volume of passenger transportation reached 39,400 million person/km, creating an increase of 11.3%; the volume of passenger transportation by water reached 355 million person/km, having decreased 5.6%; the volume of passenger transportation by air reached 814 million person/km, creating an increase of 5.4%.
Post and telecommunication developed quickly. In 2000, the number of the telephone users was 6,837.3 thousand. By the end of the year, the number of the mobile telephone users reached 23.639 million, having increased 89.4%; the number of beep-caller users reached 2,862.4 thousand, having increased 48%. The telephone exchange system volume reached 86,900 hundred, having increased 540%. The realized business value of post and telecommunication reached 13,628 million, up by 18.3% over that of the previous year.
5. Domestic Trade and Market Price
The retail market started to show rising tendency. In 2000, the realized total of the consumption goods of the cities reached 71,006 million yuan, having increased 8.5%>. The total of the retail sales of the rural markets reached 65,460 million yuan, having increased 8.5%. The total of the retail sales of consumption goods of the non-state-owned enterprises reached 96,789 million yuan, having increased 12.8%. The effect of holiday consumption appeared.
The market price showed rising tendency from the low level. The total price level of the residents??￥ consumption went up 1.4% over that of the previous year. To be categorized, the price of food went down 1.6%, the price of clothing wend down 2.4%, the price of medical things went down 2.0%, the price of household facilities and necessities went down 2.4%, the price of traffic and communication means went down 10.5%, the price of education and entertainment instrument went up 2.9%, the price of service went down up 13.6%.
6. Foreign Trade and Tourism
Foreign trade import and export advanced well. The total export and import of our province amounted to 2,513 million dollars, having increased 28.5%. The export value was 1,653 million dollars, having increased 28.9%; the import was 860 million dollars, having increased 27.2%. Among the commodities exported, common export was 1,438 million dollars, having increased 27.2%; improvement trade export was 214 million dollars, having increased 42.5%; primary product export was 188 million dollars, having increased 3%; improved product export was 1,465 million dollars, having increased 33.2%. The import products were mainly raw materials, fittings and hi-tech equipment.
The availability of foreign funds went up. The contract foreign funds amounted to 1,094 million dollars, having increased 19%; the actual used foreign funds reached 1,108 million dollars, having increased 3.7%, the direct investment by foreigners reached 682 million dollars, having increased 4.3%.
The tourism kept the tendency of rapid development. In 2000, a series of tourism activities like Mountain and Water Festival of Chengzhou, Longevity Festival of Nanyue were carried out successfully, discovery and development of new scenic spot such as Southern Great wall in Fenhuang added new connotation and glimmering aspect of our province??￥s tourism. Our province received domestic tourists 46.5 million person times, having increased 8.1% over last year; domestic tourism income reached 13,046 million yuan, having increased 24.3%. 454 thousand foreign tourists were received, having increased17% in number, among them, there were 296.1 thousand tourists were from H.K, Macao and Taiwan, having increased 20.1%. International tourism brought income of 221 million dollars, having increased20.8%. During the Gold Week of May 1st and Oct 1st, the province received domestic and foreign tourists 4.761 million person times, earning an income of 1,546 million yuan. During the Gold Week of Oct 1st, Zhang Jiajie became one of the three tourism districts, which the tourists were most satisfied with.
7. Finance, Security and Insurance
The run of finance was quite steady, and its support to national economy was strengthened. By the end of 2000, the total amount of the deposit of the financial constitutions in the province was 287,475 million yuan, creating an increase of 33,495 million yuan over the beginning of the year. The loans were comparatively centered on items of the fundamental construction, technology improvement, high-tech enterprises and profitable industries, development of agriculture and agricultural economy were supported and consumer credit developed rapidly.
Development of the capital market accelerated. Within the year, six enterprises of Jiuzhitang, Nongping high-tech, etc. emitted new stocks, six of stock company of Zhenghong feedingstuff, Tongcheng, etc. absorbed more capital by distribution of their stocks, Dianguang medium emitted more a type stocks. In the whole year, the financing of the stock market reached 6,948 million yuan, among them, financing of the emission of new stock was 2,990 million yuan. distribution of the stocks 2,368 million yuan. Market of national debt developed quickly, value of 4,130 yuan of certified national debt were sold out, doubled that of the previous year.
The insurance industry gained continuous development. The insurance fee of all the insurance organs of the whole province reached 4,515 million yuan, having increased 10.8%, the property insurance fee reached 1,394 million yuan, and the life insurance fee reached 3,121 million yuan, having increased 7.1% and 12.5% respectively. The compensation payment reached 1,481 million yuan, in which the compensation payment for property reached 719 million yuan, having decreased 5.1%; the compensation payment for life accidents reached 762 million yuan, having decreased 11.5%.
8. Science, Technology and Education
The scientific and technological procession grew further. By the end of 2000, there were 180 scientific research institutes, among which there were 4 institutes for social sciences, 13 institute for sci-tech intelligence and literature, 24 key labs at the province level. The number of academicians in Hunan reached 37 and there were 1,612 experts enjoying the government??￥ s allowance. Scientific research got new achievements, industrialization of the high and new technology fastened. In 2000, the provincial government carried out further measures to realize the strategic target of developing Hunan by science and technology. The number of the achievement of all sorts scientific research in 2000 was 800, among which, 13 excellent items won state sci-tech progress award, 1 item won national natural science award, 360 items won provincial sci-tech progress. Within the ten top state achievements, our province covered two of them, one of which, ???research on propagation of super paddy??à gained immense improvement and was listed top of ten top state achievements, the other one was the state??￥s first human-like robot developed by Defense Science Technology Univ. The transfer of 25 scientific research organs on development on technology was nearly completed. The high- tech enterprises realized output value of 55,000 million yuan, having produced profit and tax of 7,695 million yuan, with an increase of 41.6% and 60.7% respectively. The patent work won new progress. There were 4,117 applications for patent, having increased 20.9%; 2,555 applications were approved, having increased 1.3%.
Education career gained new development. In 2000, reform of the education system and optimization of the advanced educational resource were pushed on greatly. Coalition of Central South Industry university, Hunan Medical University and Changsha Railway University; Hunan University and Hunan Finance University; Hengyang Medical University and Central South Medical University, made up new universities of Central South University, Hunan University and Nanhua University respectively. There were 52 universities by the end of 2000, 101 thousand fresh and 253.1 thousand students in all, having increased 2.0%, 30.8% and 30.7% respectively. There were 16 units receiving 3,475 fresh postgraduates, having increased 46.0%; there were 7,729 postgraduates at study, having increased 38.4%. There were 144 middle professional schools whose students amounted to 258.3 thousand, and 4,505 ordinary middle schools whose students amounted to 3,917.3 thousand, the entrance rate of the ordinary junior middle school was 95.9%, having increased 1.1%. There were 34,521ordinary primary schools, whose students at school amounted to 6,639.3 students.
9. Culture, Hygiene and Sports
The publishing cause got flourishing development. In the province there were 87 artistic performance troupes, 124 culture centers, 15 arts centers, 115 public libraries, 70 museums and 202archive establishments. Xiang opera Malin Road gained 9th Wenhua award inaugurated by the state culture department. Huagu opera Policeman in the Country gained the award of Excellent Item of 6th Arts Festival of China. In 2000, the joint operation of news and publishing made fundamental progress, and the Publishing Group of Hunan was established, whose total annual selling income amounted to 5,353 million yuan, with a total profit of 490 million yuan, 814.9 million pieces of newspaper, 105,04 million volumes of magazines and 248.44 million volumes of picture books were published.
The cause of broadcasting, film and television developed quickly. In 2000, industry of broadcasting and television showed tendency of fast growing, the first Golden Eagle Television Art Festival was held successfully in Changsha, which promoted the reputation of local media. By the end of 2000, there were 16 TV stations and 11 radio broadcasting stations. The TV covered 91.4% of the population, having increased 1% in number and 81.5% of the population was covered by radio broadcasting, having increased 0.4%.
Hygiene cause developed continuously and the medical conditions were improved. In 2000,there were 4,286 medical instructions, 27 more than that of the previous year and 198.8 thousand medical workers, 3,637 more than the previous year. There were 143.436 thousand beds for patients, having decreased 1.3%.
The athletic cause got quite good achievement. At Sydney Olympic Games in 2000, athletes from Hunan gained 7 gold medals, 2 silver medals and 1 bronze medals, all these records were on the top in China. In the important world competitions, athletes from our province gained 32 gold medals, 36 silver medals and 36 bronze medals; one athletes broke one world record for 5 times. Sports were further popularized among the masses, 33.1% of the population often took part in sports activities.
10. Environment Protection
Environment protection was reinforced. The laws and regulations about the environment protection were further perfected and the all-round monitoring of the rivers, lakes, air and serious pollution area was reinforced continuously, thus, the environmental protection made an obvious progress and the total quality of environment were kept steady, the out-let of the pollution met the standards related. Among 12 sorts of the wastes controlled by the state, ten were restricted within the standards regulated by the state; 19,696 enterprises among 19,978 enterprises listed into the statistic data reached the standards, covering 98.6% of the total; among the 396 key enterprises listed under the state??￥s supervision, there were 372 enterprises met the standards, covering 94.0% of the total; among 111 key enterprises supervised directly by the province, there were 98 that met the standards, covering 88.3% of the total.
In 2000, there were 133 monitoring stations established and 2,013 monitoring clerks employed. 580 programs of treating environment pollution were finished, having increased 16.1% over that of the previous year; 86,750 thousand yuan of investment on the treatment of environmental pollution was realized, having increased 2.3%; 125 smoke-controlling areas and 78 noise controlled areas were established .In the whole province, there had been 63 natural protection zones (including 6 nation-level ones and 22 province-level ones); the area of the protection zones reached 766,9 hectares, having increased 5.9%. The rate of standard-meeting of the out-let of the industrial waste water, the treatment of the industrial waste water and the industrial solid wastes were 71%, 93%and 63.4% respectively, having increased 12.7%, 7.2% and 7.3% respectively.
Generally speaking, situation of the environmental protection was still quite grave and there was still serious continual development.
11. Life of People
By the end of 2000, the number of professional people amounted to 35,778.3 thousand, having decreased 235.5 thousand, among which there were 7,474.4 thousand municipal employers. At the end of this year, the number of the employers in state-owned enterprises amounted 500.2 thousand, the rate of re-employment of the unemployed people was 24.1%. 158.8 thousand unemployed people were re-employed, 327.7 thousand less than the last year.
Life of the rural and municipal residents was bettered. According to the sampling survey, per-disposable income in 2000 amounted to 6,219 yuan, having increased 6.9%. The gap between the high-income families and low-income families apparently shortened. The proportion of the income of the highest income families to the income of the lowest families turned from 4.86:1 in 1999 to 4.84:1 in 2000. The average expenditures of the residents amounted to 5,219 yuan, having increased 8.7%, if excluding the element of the price??￥s change; the actual rate was 7.3%. The net income of the peasants reached 2197.16 yuan, 49.98 yuan more than the last year, having increased 4.8% if considering the element of the price, which dropped 0.7% comparing the last year. The peasants??￥ per-disposable income reached 2146.86 yuan, 50.30 yuan less than their average net income. Among the peasants??￥ net income, income from the first industry decreased 110.83 yuan and that from the salary increased 94.12 yuan; income from the second and third industries run by the peasants increased 68.20 yuan;
The housing condition of both rural and municipal residents kept improving. Residence of 25,608.1 thousand square meters were built up, city resident??￥s per-capital housing area reached 11.75 square meters, having increased 0.7%; the rural resident??￥s per-capital housing area reached 30.92 square meters, having increased 1.1 square meters.
Social welfare and ensuring kept a steady development, the establishment of the systems of social ensuring quickened. By the end of 2000, there were 35.7 thousand beds in the welfare house, having increased 0.6%; the social welfare houses adopted 27.0 thousand people, having increased 1.24%; 2,116.7 thousand people received social relief, having increased 1.0%; the capital spent on social relief amounted to 654,654.0 million yuan, having increased 0.3%; among the 2,353 towns and villages, there were 532 that have established social ensuring net, covering 22.6% of the total and having increased 1% over the previous year; the number of the service center in municipal communities reached 282, having increased 1.8%. Social medical insurance cause developed thoroughly, life and unemployment insurance were expanding and becoming the important parts in the construction of the system of social ensuring. In the whole province, number of municipal staff having joined the fundamental medical insurance amounted to 1,130 thousand, having increased 216.7%; and there were 4,530 people joining the life insurance, creating an increase of 2.0%; employers joining the unemployment insurance reached 3,460 thousand.
Note:
1. Data from the Statistical Communique are tentative figures.
2. Absolute value of GNP and the increasing value of various industries are accounted in accordance with the present price, while the increasing speed is accounted in accordance with the comparative price.
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